양성척도 (7 to 49)


P1: Delusions

P2: Conceptual disorganization

P3: Hallucinations

P4: Excitement

P5: Grandiosity

P6: Suspiciousness/persecution

P7: Hostility


음성척도 (7 to 49)


N1: Blunted affect

N2: Emotional withdrawal

N3: Poor rapport

N4: Passive/apathetic social withdrawal

N5: Difficulty in abstract thinking

N6: Lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation

N7: Stereotyped thiking


일반정신병리척도 (16to112)


G1: Somatic concern

G2: Anxiety feelings

G3: Guilt feelings

G4: Tension

G5: Mannerisms and posturing

G6: Depression

G7: Motor retardation

G8: Uncooperativeness

G9: Unusual thought content

G10: Disorientation

G11: Poor attention

G12: Lack of judgment and insight

G13: Disturbance of volition

G14: Poor impulse control

G15: Preoccupation

G16: Active social avoidance


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Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987; 13(2): 261-276.

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